What is it?

Lichen planus (LP) manifests as a persistent inflammatory condition affecting various parts of the body including the skin, scalp, nails, mouth and genitals. On the skin, it's typically found on areas like the wrists, arms, back and ankles. It presents as shiny, red or purple bumps that are itchy and firm, gradually developing over weeks. These bumps may be accompanied by fine white lines. On mucous membranes, such as in the mouth or genital area, lichen planus appears as either lacy white patches, or areas of small white dots, often accompanied by painful, red, raw and open sores. On nails, LP can cause ridges, splitting and nail loss. Although rare, the bumps can appear on the scalp, resulting in irritation, thinning of hair and scarring.

The underlying cause of this immune-triggered rash remains unknown, with the body's immune system erroneously attacking its own tissues instead of defending against external threats like bacteria or viruses. Potential triggers may include viral infections, like hepatitis C, exposure to certain chemicals, allergens, stress and genetic predispositions.

While lichen planus can sometimes resolve on its own, chronic or bothersome cases benefit from treatment.

How is it treated?

While there is no definitive cure for lichen planus, symptom-targeting medications can offer relief, and some may address potential underlying causes. Commonly prescribed medications include:

• Topical corticosteroids or calcineurin inhibitors to reduce inflammation
• Light therapy utilizing ultraviolet light
• Retinoids derived from vitamin A
• Oral immunosuppressants
  

Treatment approaches vary depending on the location and severity of the condition. To prevent exacerbation, at-home strategies like applying cool compresses to alleviate itching, stress management and skin protection from injuries are recommended.

Despite initial treatment attempts, some patients may experience persistent symptoms or recurring episodes. Through a tailored blend of research-backed interventions and advanced treatments, our team aims to provide relief for patients suffering from lichen planus, even for those who have not responded to previous therapies.